Praxis 5038 Practice Test 1

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Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a primary source of information?

A
The Diary of Anne Frank
B
A biography on the life of Franklin D. Roosevelt
C
A textbook passage about the different battles of World War II
D
A newspaper opinion piece on the nuclear arms race
Question 1 Explanation: 
A primary source comes directly from firsthand experience. Anne Frank’s diary is written by Anne herself and provides her own experiences, trials, and tribulations. It wasn’t written by someone else describing what she went through. A biography on Roosevelt isn’t written by the source; only autobiographies are written by the person they are about. Textbook passages are considered secondary sources. They teach and comment about events or people. Opinion pieces are similar, since commentary in newspapers is not from an initial source.
Question 2

Which of the following is a prominent writer of the Romantic period?

A
John Keats
B
Langston Hughes
C
Henry David Thoreau
D
George Herbert
Question 2 Explanation: 
John Keats was a Romantic poet. Langston Hughes was a Harlem Renaissance writer. Henry David Thoreau was part of the Transcendentalism movement. George Herbert was a Metaphysical poet.
Question 3
(1) James came home from school, with a bad report card and showed it to his parents. (2) Upset by his grades James’s parents grounded him for two weeks. (3) James, who didn’t want to miss out on any fun activities, vowed that he would study harder the next quarter, putting all his resources into improving his grades. (4) At school the next week James began working harder than ever to achieve straight As in his next report card.
 

Which sentence contains no errors in structure?

A
Sentence 1
B
Sentence 2
C
Sentence 3
D
Sentence 4
Question 3 Explanation: 
Sentence 3 is correct. All clauses in this sentence are properly separated by commas. In sentence 1, there should not be a comma after "school." In sentence 2, “Upset by his grades” is a dependent clause and should end in a comma. In Sentence 4, “At school the next week” is a prepositional phrase and should be followed by a comma.
Question 4

For questions 4–7, refer to the following paragraphs.

I. The sport of golf isn't anything new. It actually originated in Scotland in the 15th century with men using a stick to hit a ball into a hole. Then, in 1744, official clubs and balls were made, an official rule book was constructed, and St Andrews, Scotland, was established as the home of golf. In 1860, the first golf championship, called The Open Championship, was held in St Andrews. In 1888, the game first appeared in Amerca. Within six years, the United States Golf Association was formed and the U.S. Open was established.

II. Golf’s growth has a lot to do with different players and events that helped bring attention to the game. Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan helped spread golf in America. As a result, more courses were built and golf events became more significant. This continued with the rise of Jack Nicklaus. Tiger Woods’ role in the game cannot be understated either. He attracted the attention of a whole new generation and demographic. Furthermore, players like Lee Trevino, Seve Ballesteros, Gary Player, and Hideki Matsuyama helped spread the game globally, making it not just a game for Americans and the British. Because of them, the game is widely popular in all of Europe and North America, Asia, South Africa, and other regions worldwide.

III. People watch golf today for the outstanding tournaments they see on television. There are four tournaments that stand out among the rest: The Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. These are considered grand slam events. Then there are events that include the best players in the world but are a step below the grand slam events. These include the Players Championship and the WGC events. The PGA Tour also has its regular tour events, which are played throughout the year. These include tournaments like the Memorial Tournament, the Honda Classic, and the Canadian Open.
 

Which of the following best describes the organizational pattern of paragraph I?

A
Spatial order
B
Chronological order
C
Degree order
D
Cause and effect
Question 4 Explanation: 
The correct answer is chronological order. The first paragraph flows from beginning to end by time, using dates to go from one point to the next. The paragraph does not flow by order of importance or use directional language to describe where something is, so degree order and spatial order would not be correct. The paragraph also does not describe how one event led to (or caused) another, so cause and effect would not be correct.
Question 5
I. The sport of golf isn't anything new. It actually originated in Scotland in the 15th century with men using a stick to hit a ball into a hole. Then, in 1744, official clubs and balls were made, an official rule book was constructed, and St Andrews, Scotland, was established as the home of golf. In 1860, the first golf championship, called The Open Championship, was held in St Andrews. In 1888, the game first appeared in Amerca. Within six years, the United States Golf Association was formed and the U.S. Open was established.

II. Golf’s growth has a lot to do with different players and events that helped bring attention to the game. Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan helped spread golf in America. As a result, more courses were built and golf events became more significant. This continued with the rise of Jack Nicklaus. Tiger Woods’ role in the game cannot be understated either. He attracted the attention of a whole new generation and demographic. Furthermore, players like Lee Trevino, Seve Ballesteros, Gary Player, and Hideki Matsuyama helped spread the game globally, making it not just a game for Americans and the British. Because of them, the game is widely popular in all of Europe and North America, Asia, South Africa, and other regions worldwide.

III. People watch golf today for the outstanding tournaments they see on television. There are four tournaments that stand out among the rest: The Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. These are considered grand slam events. Then there are events that include the best players in the world but are a step below the grand slam events. These include the Players Championship and the WGC events. The PGA Tour also has its regular tour events, which are played throughout the year. These include tournaments like the Memorial Tournament, the Honda Classic, and the Canadian Open.
 

Which of the following best describes the organizational pattern of paragraph II?

A
Spatial order
B
Chronological order
C
Degree order
D
Cause and effect
Question 5 Explanation: 
The correct answer is cause and effect. Throughout paragraph II, the writer discusses why the game of golf has grown and the players who caused its rise in popularity. The key phrases here are “as a result” and “because of them.” It doesn’t structure the names by who is most important, and it doesn’t organize the paragraph by listing everything in order by time, so it wouldn’t be degree order or chronological order. No directional language is used, so it cannot be spatial order.
Question 6
I. The sport of golf isn't anything new. It actually originated in Scotland in the 15th century with men using a stick to hit a ball into a hole. Then, in 1744, official clubs and balls were made, an official rule book was constructed, and St Andrews, Scotland, was established as the home of golf. In 1860, the first golf championship, called The Open Championship, was held in St Andrews. In 1888, the game first appeared in Amerca. Within six years, the United States Golf Association was formed and the U.S. Open was established.

II. Golf’s growth has a lot to do with different players and events that helped bring attention to the game. Bobby Jones and Ben Hogan helped spread golf in America. As a result, more courses were built and golf events became more significant. This continued with the rise of Jack Nicklaus. Tiger Woods’ role in the game cannot be understated either. He attracted the attention of a whole new generation and demographic. Furthermore, players like Lee Trevino, Seve Ballesteros, Gary Player, and Hideki Matsuyama helped spread the game globally, making it not just a game for Americans and the British. Because of them, the game is widely popular in all of Europe and North America, Asia, South Africa, and other regions worldwide.

III. People watch golf today for the outstanding tournaments they see on television. There are four tournaments that stand out among the rest: The Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship. These are considered grand slam events. Then there are events that include the best players in the world but are a step below the grand slam events. These include the Players Championship and the WGC events. The PGA Tour also has its regular tour events, which are played throughout the year. These include tournaments like the Memorial Tournament, the Honda Classic, and the Canadian Open.
 

Which of the following best describes the organizational pattern of paragraph III?

A
Spatial order
B
Chronological order
C
Degree order
D
Cause and effect
Question 6 Explanation: 
The correct answer is degree order. The paragraph begins with the most important golf tournaments, followed by smaller and less important tournaments. It doesn’t organize the paragraph by time, use any directional language, or discuss how one event causes another, so the other answers are incorrect.
Question 7

Examine the second sentence of paragraph III.

There are four tournaments that stand out among the rest: The Masters, the U.S. Open, the Open Championship, and the PGA Championship.
 

What organizational pattern is this an example of?

A
Flashback
B
Classification
C
Compare-contrast
D
Sequential
Question 7 Explanation: 
The correct answer is classification. This sentence categorizes the four major championships into one group preceded by a statement and colon. Flashbacks go back in time, and compare and contrast arranges something by similarities and differences. A sequential pattern is similar to chronological order, organized by time from the first event to the last.
Question 8

You are teaching students about writing five-paragraph essays and the importance of word choice. You don’t want your students to use the same words over again and encourage them to use stronger, more diverse vocabulary. Which source of information would be helpful for this task?

A
Thesaurus
B
Encyclopedia
C
Dictionary
D
Glossary
E
Grammar guide
Question 8 Explanation: 
A thesaurus lists synonyms and is a great resource when trying to avoid using the same words over and over. For example, instead of saying, “He showed a lot of promise,” a student can look up synonyms for the verb "show" and find a useful replacement, such as "illustrate" or "display." A dictionary gives definitions, not synonyms, and an encyclopedia gives information on a topic (like a country or person from history). A glossary is similar to a dictionary but instead lists specific terms or proper nouns used in a book and provides a definition or description of each. A grammar book is used to teach writing mechanics.
Question 9

What kind of clause is underlined in the sentence below?

Gloria, who smelled like fresh roses on a beautiful spring day, gallantly walked into school on her first day with her head held high.

A
Independent clause
B
Subordinate clause
C
Infinitive clause
D
Adjective clause
Question 9 Explanation: 
An adjective clause adds more information to a sentence. The clause begins with a comma after a noun followed by one of the following words: who, whom, whose, when, where, which, that, or why. In this case, "Gloria" is followed by a comma and then “who smelled like fresh roses on a spring day,” which is followed by another comma and the conclusion to the sentence. Infinitive clauses use an infinitive (like "to see" or "to know") to begin a sentence. An independent clause contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought, which can stand on its own as a sentence. A subordinate clause can’t stand alone as a complete sentence.
Question 10

You are teaching about the importance of using reputable sources for a research paper on Jackie Robinson. Which of the following is the best source of information for that paper?

A
A Wikipedia page on Robinson summarizing his career and stats
B
A detailed biography of Robinson from http://kinginstitute.stanford.edu
C
Tweets and Facebook posts praising Robinson and stating what his career means to people
D
An article on Shop42.org that provides information about the Robinson museum
Question 10 Explanation: 
In general, .edu and .gov sources offer the most accurate and comprehensive information. Wikipedia pages can be written and edited by anyone. .com and .org sites are okay to use to learn more about a topic and within a paper itself, but they are not the best sources of information. Social media should never be assumed to have accurate or unbiased facts. A student should use several .edu and .gov sites for a paper to illustrate proper research.
Question 11

Read the following speech excerpt from a student running for council president.

“Going to school four days a week instead of five is a great idea. It gives students more time at home to work on their studies. In a five-day school week, students have absolutely no time to work on their homework or do other productive things. A four-day week would ensure higher quality work and the ability to do other hobbies and chores. Teachers just don't want students to have four-day weeks because they want us to get bad grades and be less happy.”
 

Which of the following logical fallacies is the student using in his speech?

A
Slippery slope
B
Straw man
C
Red herring
D
Ad hominem
Question 11 Explanation: 
A straw man fallacy occurs when someone creates an argument or an opponent that doesn't really exist; thus, they are arguing with a "straw man." It is highly unlikely that there are teachers who want students to fail and be miserable, but the student paints them this way to make a four-day week seem like the "good" choice. A slippery slope fallacy falsely claims that one action will lead to other, more dramatic actions. A red herring redirects a conversation to distract from the point. An ad hominem argument attacks a person’s character rather than discussing the topic at hand.
Question 12

King Arthur and the Knights at the Round Table is a collection of stories which exemplify which genre of writing?

A
Medieval romance
B
Romanticism
C
Enlightenment
D
American literature
Question 12 Explanation: 
Medieval romance stories are characterized by kings, knights, chivalry, supernatural elements, and ladies in distress, which is exactly what the King Arthur stories center around. Romanticism is an artistic and intellectual movement that focused on individualism and a love for the natural world. Enlightenment was an intellectual movement with a primary focus on science and reason. King Arthur stories are British literature, created long before the United States of America was even a country, let alone developed a literary canon.
Question 13

Questions 13–15 refer to the following poem.

O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
(Line 5) But O heart! heart! Heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
(10) Rise up- for you the flag is flung- for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths- for you the shores a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
(15) It is some dream that on the deck,
You’ve fallen cold and dead.

My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will,
The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done,
(20) From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

—Walt Whitman
 

In line 1, when Walt Whitman begins with "O Captain! My Captain!" which literary device is he using?

A
Anaphora
B
Assonance
C
Apostrophe
D
Allegory
Question 13 Explanation: 
An apostrophe is an exclamation of a speaker addressing someone who is absent, usually introduced with the exclamation “O!” Anaphora is the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of multiple sentences, clauses, or lines for emphasis. Assonance refers to the repetition of a vowel sound. An allegory is a story, picture, or work of art that stands as a symbol of something else or has a hidden meaning.
Question 14
O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
(Line 5) But O heart! heart! Heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
(10) Rise up- for you the flag is flung- for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths- for you the shores a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
(15) It is some dream that on the deck,
You’ve fallen cold and dead.

My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will,
The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done,
(20) From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

—Walt Whitman
 

Which of the following statements about the poem is most accurate?

A
The poem is an extended metaphor for a fallen leader after a won war
B
The poem uses foreshadowing to predict a tragic event
C
The poem signifies the importance of how sea captains were respected
D
The poem tells of the fallen soldiers and forgotten battles of America
Question 14 Explanation: 
The entire poem is a metaphor that refers to the late Abraham Lincoln after he died following the Civil War. The poem does not foreshadow, and has nothing to do with sea captains in truth since the story the poem is telling is metaphorical. It is obviously about a specific leader who is being remembered and mourned, so it can't be about fallen soldiers or forgotten battles.
Question 15
O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
(Line 5) But O heart! heart! Heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
(10) Rise up- for you the flag is flung- for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths- for you the shores a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
(15) It is some dream that on the deck,
You’ve fallen cold and dead.

My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will,
The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done,
(20) From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

—Walt Whitman
 

What signifies that this poem is an elegy?

A
The constant use of repeated words throughout the poem
B
The lack of rhyme or rythm
C
The reflection on the death of a fallen leader
D
The discussion of a historical event
Question 15 Explanation: 
An elegy is a poem of reflection and mourning. The somber tone and explicit mentions of a fallen captain signify that this poem can be classified as an elegy.
Question 16

When constructing a bibliography page for a research paper, which of the following is true?

A
A bibliography should be in alphabetical order based on the author’s first name
B
A bibliography should be in alphabetical order based on the author’s last name
C
A bibliography should be in alphabetical order based on the title
D
A bibliography should be ordered based on when the citation appears in a research paper
E
Any titles with no author should go below titles with an author in a bibliography
Question 16 Explanation: 
A bibliography is always written in alphabetical order of the authors' last names from top to bottom. If there is no author, the source would still be listed in alphabetical order depending on the first letter in the title. It would not go below all the other sources.
Question 17

Which persuasion techniques are used in the following passage?

Smoking is the cause of 90% of deaths for people with lung cancer. According to Dr. James Turner, the respiratory system slowly deteriorates and breaks over time, especially with heavy smokers. The damage even extends to those who choose not to smoke; secondhand smoke alone can cause severe health problems or death.
 
A
Ethos and logos
B
Pathos and kairos
C
Ethos and pathos
D
Kairos and logos
E
Logos and pathos
Question 17 Explanation: 
The passage makes a persuasive appeal not to smoke based on a factual statistic, which is a representation of a logos argument. It uses a credible source to say it’s harmful, which is a characteristic of ethos, and appeals to the reader's ethical or moral compass by mentioning consequences for non-smokers as well. There is no emotional appeal or scare tactic here, so pathos is incorrect. Kairos refers to an appeal made based on timing and tone, which isn’t relevant here.
Question 18

You’re about to teach a unit on Shakespeare and drama but aren't sure of your students’ breadth of understanding on the topic. Which of the following is a helpful activity to complete before beginning the unit to gauge how much your students know?

A
Ask a student what they know and tell them to share with the class
B
Read to your students from a book about Shakespeare’s life
C
Arrange scavenger hunt on drama
D
Complete a K-W-L chart
Question 18 Explanation: 
K-W-L charts record what students know, what they want to know, and what they will learn. Asking a student what they know may help you with a single student, but not with the rest of the class. A textbook reading can teach students more, but it won't help you find out what current knowledge students have. A scavenger hunt is an excellent activity for beginning a unit for a student to learn about something, but it doesn’t answer the question, “What do they already know?”
Question 19

Read the following passage to answer question 19.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented a number of programs in an attempt to bring about immediate economic relief and fast reforms in industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labour, and housing. The term “The New Deal” was taken from his speech accepting the Democratic nomination for president in 1932. The New Deal was considered by many as a success, as the Great Depression started to become a distant memory. Americans began finding work and the economy slowly improved. Roosevelt’s success led him to becoming the first and only President to be elected four times, prior to his death in 1945.
 

This excerpt is an example of what type of writing?

A
Persuasive
B
Informative
C
Narrative
D
Descriptive
Question 19 Explanation: 
Informative writing states facts, as this passage does about Roosevelt and the New Deal. It doesn’t try to convince the reader to like Roosevelt, so it’s not persuasive. It doesn’t tell a story about Roosevelt’s life, so it’s not narrative. It doesn’t use sensory language to describe something, so it’s not descriptive.
Question 20

Which of the following would be an example of a persuasive speech?

A
A priest’s homily explaining the meaning of the Gospel
B
A football coach breaking down his upcoming team’s schedule
C
A principal going over new rules for the upcoming school year
D
A student presentation warning of the dangers of using social media
Question 20 Explanation: 
The purpose of a persuasive speech is to influence listeners to adopt a certain opinion; in this presentation, the student wants to persuade his audience to feel a certain way about social media by educating on its dangers. The presenter's goal could be to warn the audience to be careful or to get them off social media altogether. All the other answers are expository or informative, introducing something for or giving information to a group. These speeches are not trying to convince the audience of anything.
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